VS212A Optics and Dioptrics of the Eye
Coursemaster: Austin Roorda, PhD, Old Minor Hall rm 485, 510-642-2380, aroorda@berkeley.edu
Abstract:
The purpose of this proseminar is to give an overview of optics, optics of the eye, how the optics of the eye affect instruments that measure ocular properties and how the optics of the eye impact vision. The lecture will span basic geometrical optics of the eye, physical optics and finish with discussions of current visual optics research. There is a lab component of the course which will give you hands on access to an optical system designed for vision science applications and will give you an opportunity to do some data analysis.
Learning Objectives:
Grading: Class participation: 10%, Lab report: 40%, Final exam:50%
Notes: powerpoint or pdf
Calendar:
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Date |
Topics |
Reading List * copy is on reserve in library † copies will be distributed in class ‡ available online |
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August 29 3 hours |
Organizational Meeting (possible changes to schedule)
Basic Optics Nature of Light Spectra Refraction Image formation Ray tracing Thick lenses and Cardinal points Lateral magnification Optical systems
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This text … *Keating MP. Geometric, physical and visual optics. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998 …is a decent reference to help you with the basics. It is not required that you read it, but you might refer to it for more thorough explanations of some of the concepts.
My favorite optics text is.. *Freeman MH. Optics. London: Butterworths, 1990 (on reserve in library) …just be careful about the differences in syntax between this and Keating. I use the syntax from Freeman. |
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September 3 3 hours |
Optics of the Eye The reduced eye The optical components of the eye Axes of the eye Visual angle Transmission of the components of the eye |
‡Westheimer G. (2006) Specifying and controlling the optical image on the human retina. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 25, 19-42.
†Charman,W.N. (1991). Optics of the Human Eye. In: Cronly-Dillon,J., (Ed.) Visual Optics and Instrumentation (pp. 1-26). Boca Raton: CRC Press Inc. |
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September 8 3 hours |
Image Quality in the eye - 1 Defocus and pupil size Depth of focus/field Diffraction and resolution Scatter Generation of ciliary corona (van den Berg) Calculation and measurement of wide angle scatter Aberrations Chromatic Monochromatic Seidel (brief)
PSF->MTF&PTF Wavefront->PSF General usefulness of representing objects in frequency space Demonstrate Matlab applications |
‡Thibos,L.N., Bradley,A., Still,D.L., Zhang,X.X., & Howarth,P.A. (1990). Theory and measurement of ocular chromatic aberration. Vision Res. 30, 33-49.
‡Thomas J. T. P. van den Berg, Michiel P. J. Hagenouw, and Joris E. Coppens The Ciliary Corona: Physical Model and Simulation of the Fine Needles Radiating from Point Light Sources IOVS, 46: 2627-2632 (2005).
This book gives a thorough treatment on the topic in a very understandable way… Bracewell R. The Fourier Transform and its Applications. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965.
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September 15 3 hours |
Wavefront Lab
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September 24 3 hours |
Image Quality in the eye - 2 Metrics for Image Quality Retinal limits to vision |
†Williams DR, Porter J, Yoon G, Guirao A, Hofer H, Chen L, Cox I, Macrae SM. How far can we extend the limits of human vision? In: Krueger RR, Applegate RA, Macrae SM, eds. Wavefront Customized Visual Correction: The Quest for Supervision II. Thorofare: Slack, Incorporated, 2004: 19-38. |
Wavefront Sensing Lab
Learning Objectives:
Learn about components that are used in a simple optical system
Afocal Telescope
Badal Optometer
Laser collimation
CCD camera
Computer interface
Entoptic observation of your own PSF with a collimated laser beam
Learn about radiance vs luminosity (power vs brightness)
Synthesis of scientific data
Writing a lab report
Application of basic image quality metrics in a practical way
Application of software tools (Matlab) to reduce VS data
Applied Fourier analysis
Convolutions
Lab Syllabus:
Explain the optics of the wavefront sensor, including the following aspects
superluminescent diode light source
laser collimator
use of a small illumination beam (depth of field)
use of a displaced beam to reduced corneal reflections
pellicle beam splitter (maximize light from eye)
afocal telescope
telescope magnification
conjugate positions
CCD camera
Measure aberrations of everyone in the class (undilated, dim light conditions)
Provide wave aberrations for each member of the class
Train students to work with Matlab wavefront analysis program
Have student prepare and write a report on a specific topic using all the aberration data (specific topic to be determined)
Matlab Programs:
Download these and unzip onto your computer.
optical performance software (2008 version)
selected_SHWS_Images (2008)